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Wheaton Criminal Defense Law Blog

Court to decide the bounds of consent for search and seizure

The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution protects Illinois residents and everyone in the country from unreasonable searches and seizures. Under the court-interpreted meaning of the amendment, this means that police cannot conduct a search or seize someone's property without a warrant except for very specific circumstances that the court has carved out.

One of these circumstances is when the person who is subject to the search has voluntarily consented. This rule is easiest to interpret when only one person was subject to a search or when the property that was searched was one and inhabited by one person person. However, the reality is more complex than that and in many cases police search an area that is owned or lived in by more than one individual. 

Chicago protesters arrested

About two dozen protesters were arrested at Chicago City Hall this week for speaking out against a planned closure of 54 public schools. The protesters had conducted marches and other protests over the past few days to show their disapproval for the school closings which are facing a vote by the board of education.

Whenever protesters are arrested there are always questions about whether or not the arrests violated their rights to free speech under the First Amendment. Speech and actions that go to an issue of public concern are the most strongly protected types of speech and police must be careful not to cross the line from protecting public safety to stifling discourse.

Proposal to lower legal blood alcohol limit stirs controversy

A recent proposal by federal safety officials to lower the legal limit of alcohol that drivers may have in their systems has stirred signficant controversy. The National Transportation Safety Board has voted on a series of recommendations aimed at curbing drunk driving and reducing DUI-related fatalities.

Among them was a proposal to states to lower the legal limit for a driver's blood alcohol content from .08 to .05. The lower limit would translate to about three drinks within a 90 minute period for a male driver weighing 160 pounds. Any more than that, and he would likely be legally intoxicated and subject to a DUI charge if he got behind the wheel.

O.J. Simpson seeks new trial in robbery allegations

Former professional football player and sports announcer O.J. Simpson has asked a state court for a new trial, saying that he did not have adequate legal representation during a 2008 robbery and kidnapping trial.

It is very difficult to prove to a court that the assistance of an attorney was so inadequate that it warrants a new trial. Under the Sixth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, all those charged with a criminal offense have the right to the effective assistance of counsel. However, it is very difficult to prove that an attorney was "ineffective" to the point of requiring a new trial. Often it involves proving that the outcome of the case would have been different if the attorney had followed professional standards of conduct.

Illinois Senator's gang arrest plan could violate rights

Newly elected Illinois Senator Mark Kirk has introduced a controversial plan to try to take down Chicago's organized crime networks. He told reporters shortly after taking the oath of office that one of his top priorities would be to help bring federal law enforcement resources to Chicago to effect large-scale arrests of gang members.

While residents of Chicago and the surrounding area would no doubt love to put an end to gang activity and the violence that comes along with it, one does not need to be a constitutional criminal procedure expert to see that there could be some flaws in the lawmaker's plan.

 

Should breath mints be evidence in DUI cases?

An appeals court found that a state trooper acted within the bounds of his authority and that a court was correct not to suppress evidence that a limo driver had used breath mints during a drunk driving arrest. The driver entered a guilty plea to the charge of driving while intoxicated after the evidence was not suppressed.

The limo driver had passengers in his vehicle when he was pulled over by police for changing lanes without using his turn signal, causing a nearby motorcyclist to nearly collide with the vehicle. The officer completed his invesitgation of that incident and was about to tell the driver that he was free to go when he started to question the man about his use of breath mints. 

Jury unable to reach verdict in DuPage home invasion case

The jury was unable to reach a verdict in a recent DuPage felony trial. A young man who was accused of felony home invasion of a Wood Dale police sergeant will face a second trial on the same charges since jurors did not come to an agreement about the facts of the case or whether he was guilty of the alleged crimes.

The man allegedly left a party and was severely intoxicated when he entered the home of the police sergeant. He says that he went into the stranger's home by mistake, believing that it was the home of his friend who lives several houses down on the same block.

Judge denies broad computer search warrant request

A federal magistrate recently denied the FBI's request for a warrant to look into someone who they find suspicious because of a large wire transfer from their bank account to an account outside of the country. The warrant request asked for a month-long search of the suspect's computer to investigate possible fraud, identity theft or violations of computer security laws.

The warrant request asked for significant latitude to use the spyware, with law enforcement officials seeking access to essentially all of the data stored on the computer. As many Chicago area readers know, we store a tremendous amount of information on our computers and access information stored elsewhere from our personal computers. Allowing law enforcement agents to have unfettered access through spyware to all of that information could expose people who are being investigated to significant invasions of privacy.

Celebrity couple arrested in DUI and disorderly conduct charges

Both members of a married couple were arrested over the weekend during a traffic stop, after the husband was pulled over on suspicion of driving under the influence of alcohol. The wife was later taken into custody by police as well after she argued with officers and made some rude comments to them. According to the police report, the wife also attempted to get out of the vehicle several times during the traffic stop while officers were conducting a field sobriety test.

The incident made the news, of course, because the husband and wife duo were actress Reese Witherspoon and Jim Toth. Normally these types of cases aren't even in the local newspapers, since a DUI and a disorderly conduct charge are fairly commonplace. However, this case shows readers exactly the type of conduct that can be considered "disorderly" that can lead to an arrest and possible criminal charges.

Supreme Court clarifies law for DUI blood tests

Many Chicago readers already know that it is acceptable for them to decline to take a breath test during a DUI traffic stop. While declining the breath test may be unsatisfactory to police officers, in Illinois it is permissible not to provide consent for a breath, blood, or urine test to determine intoxication.

Police can still get around this by obtaining a warrant, which would require compliance on the part of the driver. However, in many cases police do not obtain warrants before attempting to collect sample to determine intoxication levels. This was the situation in a case that was decided recently by the Supreme Court when a man who was suspected of drunk driving by police declined a breath test after failing field sobriety testing.

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